How To Install MongoDB On Ubuntu 16.04

MongoDB is a free, open source NoSQL document-oriented database known for its high performance. MongoDB is written in C ++ and stores its data in JSON format called BSON or Binary JSON. It was created in 2009 and is currently being developed by MongoDB Inc.

In this tutorial, we will install MongoDB on Ubuntu 16.04.

Requirements:

Server on Ubuntu 16.04 – 64 bit
Root or non-root sudo user

Note: Run all commands in this tutorial without sudo if you are logged in as root.

Adding the official MongoDB repository

To ensure the validity of Ubuntu packages, they need to be signed with GPG keys. Let’s start by importing the GPG keys that we need for the official MongoDB repository:

                      # sudo apt-key adv --keyserver hkp://keyserver.ubuntu.com:80 --recv EA312927

Then add MongoDB repository to /etc/apt/sources.list.d with this command:

                      # echo "deb https://repo.mongodb.org/apt/ubuntu "$(lsb_release -sc)"/mongodb-org/3.2 multiverse" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mongodb-org-3.2.list

And then run the update command, so Ubuntu can read the packages from the repository being added:

                       # sudo apt-get update

Installing MongoDB

In order to start installing MongoDB from the repository we just added, we will run the command:

                       # sudo apt-get install -y mongodb-org

Although MongoDB repository now provides a block of files in a package, we left this part of the article for educational purposes, it can be used to install other services.

Now we need to create a Systemd file for MongoDB. First, let’s briefly explain what files are in Systemd. Unit files store information about services, sockets, devices, basically any resource managed by Systemd, which is the init system and used by most Linux distributions.

Create a file in the / etc / systemd / system / directory using nano:

                       # sudo nano /etc/systemd/system/mongodb.service

Paste the following text below:

                      [Unit]
Description=High-performance, schema-free document-oriented database
After=network.target
Documentation=https://docs.mongodb.org/manual

[Service]
User=mongodb
Group=mongodb
ExecStart=/usr/bin/mongod --quiet --config /etc/mongod.conf

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

Make sure to save (press Ctrl + O) and close the file (press Ctrl + X). Now we have to update Systemd and enable our newly created service and start the service:

                       # sudo systemctl daemon-reload
 # sudo systemctl enable mongod
 # sudo systemctl start mongod

Check that the service is running:

                       # systemctl status mongod

The output should look like this:

                      ● mongodb.service - High-performance, schema-free document-oriented database
   Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/mongod.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
   Active: active (running) since Thu 2017-07-13 18:21:23 CDT; 7s ago
     Docs: https://docs.mongodb.org/manual
 Main PID: 3977 (mongod)
   CGroup: /system.slice/mongodb.service
           └─3977 /usr/bin/mongod --quiet --config /etc/mongod.conf

Jul 13 18:21:23 test systemd[1]: Started High-performance, schema-free document-oriented database.

Setting up MongoDB as administrator

To set up an admin username and password in MongoDB, you first need to open a MongoDB shell, type:

                       # mongo

Inside the MongoDB shell, enter the following command to navigate to the admin database:

                       > use admin

Now let’s create an administrator name and set a password for the user:

                       > db.createUser({user:"admin", pwd:"admin54321-", roles:[{role:"root", db:"admin"}]})

Note: You can replace the PWD value with your own password, like: PWD: ”MyPassword”. The output from the above commands should look like this:

                      Successfully added user: {
 "user" : "admin",
 "roles" : [
 {
 "role" : "root",
 "db" : "admin"
 }
 ]
}

Enter this command in a shell to exit the shell:

                       > exit

Enabling MongoDB Authentication

Open /lib/systemd/system/mongod.service with nano or any editor you like:

                       # sudo nano /lib/systemd/system/mongod.service

On the ExecStart line add a new -auth argument, the line should look like this:

                       ExecStart=/usr/bin/mongod --quiet --auth --config /etc/mongod.conf

Make sure to save (press Ctrl + O) and close the file (press Ctrl + X). Restart Systemd to enable the new version of our modified service file:

                       # sudo systemctl daemon-reload

Then restart MongoDB for the changes to take effect:

                       # sudo systemctl restart mongod

Now connect to MongoDB shell with this command:

                       # mongo -u admin -p --authenticationDatabase admin

You will be prompted for a password, enter the password set above. Once you have verified inside the shell by making the administrator authentication we created, run this command:

                       > db.runCommand({connectionStatus : 1})

The output should look like this:

                      {
        "authInfo" : {
                "authenticatedUsers" : [
                        {
                                "user" : "admin",
                                "db" : "admin"
                        }
                ],
                "authenticatedUserRoles" : [
                        {
                                "role" : "root",
                                "db" : "admin"
                        }
                ]
        },
        "ok" : 1
}

That’s it, you have successfully installed MongoDB on Ubuntu 16.04.